Mullā Ṣadrā
1571 CE – 1641 CElived
Shiraz, Safavid Persia
- Illuminationism
- Transcendent Theosophy
Argued that existence is prior to essence and that substances themselves are in motion, a claim that reopened Islamic metaphysics after it was widely assumed to be finished.
Known for
- primacy of existence
- substantial motion
- gradation of being